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Imperial Leather
- Sara Baartman
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQ7mmMe4klQ
Imperial Leather
- Racial degeneration in art
- Munby's ethnological studies of the archetypes of female labor
- Women perceived as "seducers"
- Women perceived as "objects to possess"
- The value Cullwick placed on her work, her "slave band"
- Domestic labor and demarcation of boundary between "dirty" and "clean"
- Denial of female sexuality except on terms initiated by men
- Freud and Lacan's theories, how women are portrayed in each
- Transformation of female work into male power
24 comments:
Overall Imperial Leather was an interesting read. The idea of gendering the notions of land and conquest is one way to justify colonization and imperialism through white male eyes. If the land is looked at as female than it is something that needs to be taken over, in a sense this concept was used to keep the power dynamics in place and give white males a way to rationalize colonialism.
The stance of white women in this book is also interesting. McClintock shows how white women were able to create their own power through the roles that they were subjected to. On one hand they did not have the same privileges as white males, but used various fissures of sexuality and gender roles to exert power.
McClintock suggests that race; class, gender and sexuality are not equivalent to each other, that some or one of the characteristics holds more weight than the others. I disagree with this notion. One cannot measure race, gender, class and sexuality because one’s experience in the world is dependent on all of those factors, there is no way to measure their weight.
The story of Saratjie Baartman definitely connects with Imperial Leather. The need of white society to make a spectacle of Baartman’s body supports the notion of how white society was obsessed with black women’s bodies in order to exert their own power. The idea of exerting power through race, class, gender and sexuality is a clear theme of this book and the story of Saratjie Baartman.
What stood out for me in terms of contextualizing Imperial Leather for this class was the way in which it 'gendered' colonialism. McClintock refocused the history of imperialism on women's experiences that transcend race and class boundaries.
Of particular interest was her chapter on Munby, who, (I'll say it), used a sociological approach to studying working class women to mask his (perverse?) voyeurism. This is a loose microcosmic parallel to the ways in which white male imperialism was the lens of interpretation for colonized spaces. In this way, women (particularly women of color and poor women) are colonized bodies.
McClintock is resistant to the idea that these women were helpless victims and argues means of them exerting 'power' and 'agency,' a point of McClintock's also noted by Shantala. Perhaps I am from the kind of feminism McClintock refers to when she insists on viewing these women as exercising agency and power, but considering Saratjie Baartman and the white appropriation and interpretation of her body, I can imagine Baartman HAD some degree of agency, but I do not believe she necessarily EXERCISED agency. If she did, it was within the system of inequality that privileged the white interpretation of her body at the expense of her self determination.
Imperial Leather was very difficult to read compared to the other books that we read so far in the class. I think its probably because it was more scientific/textbook written while the others were more "storybook". Its not surprising that living in a patriarchal society that colonial conquest would be gendered in regards to the conquest of a women. Even today phallic symbols in the construction of architecture can still be seen and created to show power and prestige. Those symbols that are seen as soft and womanly are considered to be easy to conquer.Womens' bodies are percieved as conquest but to add on the race factor as in Bartman's case makes it more difficult.
I believe that Imperial Leather was also a more clinical read in that it was very textbook like, but overall the information within was believable in that it was shown in the historial sense and the conyinuance of these ideals and even ways of exerting power of teh female body contiue today. I do feel that Sarrjtie Baartman exemplifies in detail the subjection of the female body to the that of males and specifically that of the "black" female body. Although the book focused on there being less of a difference between race, class, and gender, I believe that saga of Baartman illuminates a racial side. It is evident that the female body was under subjugation but the "black" body was held in something akin to lustful contempt.
I believe that Imperial Leather was also a more clinical read in that it was very textbook like, but overall the information within was believable in that it was shown in the historial sense and the conyinuance of these ideals and even ways of exerting power of teh female body contiue today. I do feel that Sarrjtie Baartman exemplifies in detail the subjection of the female body to the that of males and specifically that of the "black" female body. Although the book focused on there being less of a difference between race, class, and gender, I believe that saga of Baartman illuminates a racial side. It is evident that the female body was under subjugation but the "black" body was held in something akin to lustful contempt.
I cannot help but focus on McClintock’s analysis of Haggard’s map and how she uses it to analyze the exploiting of women’s lives specifically women of color. Her analysis of the map eloquently summarizes the main points of the book; imperialism through money and power and exploitation of race, class and gender. Although she does try to say that all elements do not go hand in hand I disagree I think her example of the map includes how all components interrelate. The mines, the water, the sites of conquest all have literally and figurative meaning behind it all relating back to the exploitation of women’s bodies and lives. I guess this particular example stood out to me the most since this comparison of women’s bodies to land is still prevalent in today’s society. How many of us have come across commercial ads and billboards charts with images of “luxurious” tropical islands (West Indies) being compared to women’s bodies; or at least the connotation between the two is implied? Perfect getaway vacation at affordable pricing! I.e. Perfect for raping of land and women with little expense on your wallet. A value for your money!
-Angie Aguilar
The story of Sarrjtie Baartman definitely shows how Europeans try to exert the power over Black women and their bodies. Because they did not view Baartman as their equal, it was esay for them to see her an a sexual and animalistic way.
Although I did not like the textbook quality to McClintock's book, the book was a bit interesting. I especially liked the connection she made between the female body and land.
In most classical psychological theories, women are absolutely devalued. Women, as objects of human desires, have no significance in either research or everday lives. The male norms in psychology and other natural and social sciences have been dominating the academic arena for so many years and have shaped those disciplines the way they are now. It is unique and wise to look into colonialism through the angle of psychoanalysis, for knowledge and its production always serve as tools for those in power.
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